Islamic Principles on War and Peace: Misunderstood or Misused?
Posted: Tue Jul 15, 2025 7:57 pm
In today’s world, the image of Islam is often clouded by misconceptions—particularly when it comes to issues of war and peace. Critics and even some misguided followers misrepresent Islamic teachings, either due to ignorance or to push a political agenda. But what does Islam actually teach about war and peace?
Peace is the Default, Not War
Islam is fundamentally a religion of peace. The very word Islam shares its root with salaam, which means peace. Both the Qur’an and the teachings of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ strongly emphasize living with peace, upholding justice, and respecting the sanctity of all human life.
Islam does not promote war, but it permits self-defense and fighting against oppression. Even then, there are strict ethical guidelines:
(a) War must never be for revenge or aggression.
(b) Harming civilians, including women, children, and the elderly, is strictly prohibited.
(c) Trees, animals, and places of worship must not be destroyed.
(d) Peace must be pursued if the enemy offers it.
These principles were revolutionary at a time when war crimes were common and unregulated.
Misuse of Jihad
The term jihad is often misinterpreted. Commonly labeled as holy war, its true meaning is struggle. The highest form of jihad is the personal struggle to overcome one’s ego and sinful desires.
Armed struggle (jihad bil qital) is only one form—and it’s bound by the rules of justice. Unfortunately, extremists and media alike have misused this term to promote fear or justify violence.
Peacebuilding in the Prophet’s Life
The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ always leaned toward reconciliation. Consider the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah: even though the terms seemed unfavorable to Muslims, the Prophet accepted it to avoid bloodshed.
He also forgave the people of Makkah after years of persecution when he conquered the city peacefully—an act of mercy that stands as a powerful model for today’s leaders.
So, Misunderstood or Misused?
The answer is: both. Islamic teachings on war and peace have been widely misunderstood by outsiders and tragically misused by a few within. As Muslims, it’s our responsibility to reclaim the narrative with truth, wisdom, and action.
Call to Action
(a) Educate yourself and others about the true teachings of Islam.
(b) Speak out against those who twist the faith to promote violence.
(c)Promote peaceful dialogue in your communities—online and offline.
Islam is not a faith of conflict—it stands for justice, honor, and peace. We must not let misinformation or distortion hide this reality.
Peace is the Default, Not War
Islam is fundamentally a religion of peace. The very word Islam shares its root with salaam, which means peace. Both the Qur’an and the teachings of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ strongly emphasize living with peace, upholding justice, and respecting the sanctity of all human life.
When Is War Permitted?And if they seek peace, then you should also pursue it and place your trust in Allah...-Surah Al-Anfal (8:61)
Islam does not promote war, but it permits self-defense and fighting against oppression. Even then, there are strict ethical guidelines:
(a) War must never be for revenge or aggression.
(b) Harming civilians, including women, children, and the elderly, is strictly prohibited.
(c) Trees, animals, and places of worship must not be destroyed.
(d) Peace must be pursued if the enemy offers it.
These principles were revolutionary at a time when war crimes were common and unregulated.
Misuse of Jihad
The term jihad is often misinterpreted. Commonly labeled as holy war, its true meaning is struggle. The highest form of jihad is the personal struggle to overcome one’s ego and sinful desires.
Armed struggle (jihad bil qital) is only one form—and it’s bound by the rules of justice. Unfortunately, extremists and media alike have misused this term to promote fear or justify violence.
Peacebuilding in the Prophet’s Life
The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ always leaned toward reconciliation. Consider the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah: even though the terms seemed unfavorable to Muslims, the Prophet accepted it to avoid bloodshed.
He also forgave the people of Makkah after years of persecution when he conquered the city peacefully—an act of mercy that stands as a powerful model for today’s leaders.
So, Misunderstood or Misused?
The answer is: both. Islamic teachings on war and peace have been widely misunderstood by outsiders and tragically misused by a few within. As Muslims, it’s our responsibility to reclaim the narrative with truth, wisdom, and action.
Call to Action
(a) Educate yourself and others about the true teachings of Islam.
(b) Speak out against those who twist the faith to promote violence.
(c)Promote peaceful dialogue in your communities—online and offline.
Islam is not a faith of conflict—it stands for justice, honor, and peace. We must not let misinformation or distortion hide this reality.